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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# © Copyright 2022, Scott Gasch
"""Wrapper around US Census address geocoder API described here:
https://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/data/Census_Geocoder_User_Guide.pdf
https://geocoding.geo.census.gov/geocoder/Geocoding_Services_API.pdf
"""
import json
import logging
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
import requests
from requests.utils import requote_uri
import list_utils
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def geocode_address(address: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
"""Send a single address to the US Census geocoding API. The response
is a parsed JSON chunk of data with N addressMatches in the result
section and the details of each match within it. Returns None on error.
>>> json = geocode_address('4600 Silver Hill Rd,, 20233')
>>> json['result']['addressMatches'][0]['matchedAddress']
'4600 SILVER HILL RD, WASHINGTON, DC, 20233'
>>> json['result']['addressMatches'][0]['coordinates']
{'x': -76.92743, 'y': 38.84599}
"""
url = 'https://geocoding.geo.census.gov/geocoder/geographies/onelineaddress'
url += f'?address={address}'
url += '&returntype=geographies&layers=all&benchmark=4&vintage=4&format=json'
url = requote_uri(url)
logger.debug('GET: %s', url)
try:
r = requests.get(url)
except Exception as e:
logger.exception(e)
return None
if r.status_code != 200:
logger.debug(r.text)
logger.error('Unexpected response code %d, wanted 200. Fail.', r.status_code)
return None
logger.debug('Response: %s', json.dumps(r.json(), indent=4, sort_keys=True))
return r.json()
def batch_geocode_addresses(addresses: List[str]):
"""Send up to addresses for batch geocoding. Each line of the input
list should be a single address of the form: STREET ADDRESS, CITY,
STATE, ZIP. Components may be omitted but the commas may not be.
Result is an array of the same size as the input array with one
answer record per line. Returns None on error.
This code will deal with requests >10k addresses by chunking them
internally because the census website disallows requests > 10k lines.
>>> batch_geocode_addresses(
... [
... '4600 Silver Hill Rd, Washington, DC, 20233',
... '935 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20535-0001',
... '1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20500',
... '700 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408',
... ]
... )
['"1"," 4600 Silver Hill Rd, Washington, DC, 20233","Match","Exact","4600 SILVER HILL RD, WASHINGTON, DC, 20233","-76.92743,38.84599","76355984","L","24","033","802405","2004"', '"2"," 935 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC","No_Match"', '"3"," 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20500","Match","Exact","1600 PENNSYLVANIA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC, 20500","-77.03534,38.898754","76225813","L","11","001","980000","1034"', '"4"," 700 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408","Match","Exact","700 PENNSYLVANIA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC, 20408","-77.02304,38.89362","76226346","L","11","001","980000","1025"']
"""
n = 1
url = 'https://geocoding.geo.census.gov/geocoder/geographies/addressbatch'
payload = {'benchmark': '4', 'vintage': '4'}
out = []
for chunk in list_utils.shard(addresses, 9999):
raw_file = ''
for address in chunk:
raw_file += f'{n}, {address}\n'
n += 1
files = {'addressFile': ('input.csv', raw_file)}
logger.debug('POST: %s', url)
try:
r = requests.post(url, files=files, data=payload)
except Exception as e:
logger.exception(e)
return None
if r.status_code != 200:
logger.debug(r.text)
logger.error('Unexpected response code %d, wanted 200. Fail.', r.status_code)
return None
logger.debug('Response: %s', r.text)
for line in r.text.split('\n'):
line = line.strip()
if len(line) > 0:
out.append(line)
return out
if __name__ == '__main__':
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
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